Overview

Cirrhosis is a chronic parenchymal liver disease, defined histologically as a diffuse hepatic process characterized by fibrosis and conversion of normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules.According to the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study2, liver cirrhosis was the cause of 1.2% of the global Disability Adjusted Life Years and 2% of all deaths worldwide in the year 2010. In India, since 1980, there has been a gradual increase in mortality due to cirrhosis, as the prevalence of risk factors of cirrhosis, i.e., alcohol intake, HBV, HCV, and diabetes is also increasing. In the year 2010, deaths due to liver cirrhosis in India accounted for almost one-fifth (18.3%) of liver cirrhosis deaths worldwide.The loss of productivity and socio-economic burden on the family of cirrhotic patients is unaccounted for. The Quality Of Life (QOL) is abysmal with end-stage cirrhosis per se and it is further worsened by complications like infection especially Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP), Gastrointestinal bleeding, Encephalopathy, and Renal Failure.The cause of the morbidity and mortality in cirrhosis is multifactorial and one important contributor is malnutrition. Sarcopenia, defined as loss of muscle mass and function has been associated with increased risk of mortality, sepsis, heart failure, and frequent hospitalization.

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