Archaologische Demographie: Methoden, Daten und Bevoelkerung der europaischen Bronze- und Eisenzeiten

Author:   Frank Nikulka
Publisher:   Sidestone Press
ISBN:  

9789088903939


Pages:   285
Publication Date:   05 November 2016
Format:   Paperback
Availability:   In Print   Availability explained
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Archaologische Demographie: Methoden, Daten und Bevoelkerung der europaischen Bronze- und Eisenzeiten


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Der Demographische Faktor war zu allen Zeiten der Menschheitsgeschichte von Bedeutung fur die soziale Organisation und fur archaologische Theoriebildung. Nun werden erstmals Daten zu den Bevolkerungsverhaltnisse der europaischen Bronze- und Eisenzeiten zusammenfassend vorgelegt und deren sozialarchaologische Relevanz untersucht. Dem Aufgabenbereich der Archaologie entsprechend zielt die Archaologische Demographie auf die Bedeutung der lokalen und regionalen Bevolkerungsverhaltnisse ab: Gruppengrossen, Bevolkerungsdichten, Bevolkerungsschwankungen. Grundlage dieser Analysen sind Graber, Siedlungen und daruber hinaus zahlreiche andere archaologische Quellen sowie erganzend naturwissenschaftliche Daten. Die Grenzen zwischen dem Aufgabenbereich der Archaologischen Demographie, der Siedlungsarchaologie, der Umwelt- und Landschaftsarchaologie sowie der Sozialarchaologie bleiben fliessend. Archaologische Bevolkerungsdaten sind quellen- und methodenbedingt als Eckwerte zu verstehen, die der historischen Realitat mehr oder weniger nahe kommen. Oft beschreiben die Daten nur Minimalwerte. Zwei Theorien bilden traditionell den Rahmen, in dem sich die Archaologische Demographie auch heute noch bewegt: Soziale Krisenreaktionen wie Kriege und Migrationen nach Thomas Robert Malthus (1798) und subsistenzwirtschaftliche Problemlosungen nach Ester Boserup (1965). Demographische Berechnungen zur Bronze- und Eisenzeit zeigen uberwiegend kleine lokale Populationen, selbst wenn grosse Graberfelder Bevolkerungskonzentrationen vorspiegeln. Auch Siedlungsbefunde sprechen meist nur fur kleine Wohn- und Wirtschaftseinheiten. Wo von diesem Bild abgewichen wird und aussergewohnliche lokale Bevolkerungskonzentrationen fassbar werden, sind diese als historische Sonderfalle erklarungsbedurftig. Hinweise auf soziale Differenzierungen in Form von Prestigegutern, Abstufungen im Bestattungswesen, Prunkgrabern, abgesonderten Gehoften in Siedlungen etc. sind keineswegs generell an aussergewohnlich grosse Bevolkerungsgruppen gekoppelt. Zu klaren bleibt, in welchem Masse klein- und grossraumige Migrationsprozesse die Bevolkerungsverhaltnisse der Bronze- und Eisenzeiten gepragt haben. English summary: Demographic factors have always been of great importance for human social organization and archaeological theory building. This book for the first time presents and analyses a wide range of data on population structure and development in the European Bronze and Iron Ages from the perspective of social archaeology. Bearing in mind the goals of any archaeological discipline, archaeological demography aims to reconstruct the importance of local and regional population patterns: group size, population density, fluctuations in population on the basis of graves, settlements and other archaeological sources, as well as data from the natural sciences. Therefore, there are no strict boundaries between the aims of archaeological demography on the one hand and settlement archaeology, environmental and landscape archaeology, and social archaeology on the other hand. The character of archaeological source material and the limited preservation of graves, house sites and so on, mean that population densities derived on this basis can only ever be minimum estimates. The theories of social and economic reactions to population pressure by Thomas Robert Malthus (1798) and Ester Boserup (1965) have had a strong influence on European archaeological demography, at least implicitly. Calculations mostly result in small Bronze and Iron Age communities, even when large burial sites suggest a local population concentration. Most settlements also represent small economic entities or households. Whenever larger local populations are identified, this individual historical situation has to be explained. Indications of social differentiation in the shape of prestige goods, ranked funerary rites, exceptionally rich graves, separated farmsteads within settlements and so on are by no means generally linked to particularly large population groups. It still has to be clarified how migrations affected Bronze and Iron Age population size.

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Author:   Frank Nikulka
Publisher:   Sidestone Press
Imprint:   Sidestone Press
ISBN:  

9789088903939


ISBN 10:   908890393
Pages:   285
Publication Date:   05 November 2016
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   In Print   Availability explained
This item will be ordered in for you from one of our suppliers. Upon receipt, we will promptly dispatch it out to you. For in store availability, please contact us.
Language:   German

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Frank Nikulka is currently Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology at the University of Hamburg. After studying and graduating from the University of Hamburg in 1989, he worked at the University of Erlangen before finishing his doctoral studies on early Iron Age burial practices in Bavaria at the University of Tubingen in 1995. Subsequently he worked as Assistant Professor at the University of Munster, where he finished his habilitation in 2003. From 2002 to 2009 he was Inspector at the Office for Cultural Heritage in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and simultaneously lectured at the Universities of Munster, Greifswald and Hamburg before he moved to his current position in 2009. His main research interests include the Bronze and Iron Ages of Europe, as well as the Slavic period, the economic and social implications of metallurgy, variability in burial rituals and cultural contacts throughout Iron Age Europe.

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