Overview

This book deals with applications in several areas of science and technology that make use of light which carries orbital angular momentum. In most practical scenarios, the angular momentum can be decomposed into two independent contributions: the spin angular momentum and the orbital angular momentum. The orbital contribution affords a fundamentally new degree of freedom, with fascinating and wide-spread applications. Unlike spin angular momentum, which is associated with the polarization of light, the orbital angular momentum arises as a consequence of the spatial distribution of the intensity and phase of an optical field, even down to the single photon limit. Researchers have begun to appreciate its implications for our understanding of the ways in which light and matter can interact, and its practical potential in different areas of science and technology.

Full Product Details

Author:   Juan P. Torres (Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya) ,  Lluis Torner
Publisher:   Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
Imprint:   Blackwell Verlag GmbH
Dimensions:   Width: 17.50cm , Height: 1.90cm , Length: 24.60cm
Weight:   0.694kg
ISBN:  

9783527409075

ISBN 10:   3527409076
Pages:   288
Publication Date:   09 February 2011
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Out of Print
Availability:   Awaiting stock  

Table of Contents

Preface XI List of Contributors XV Color Plates XIX 1 The Orbital Angular Momentum of Light: An Introduction 1 Les Allen and Miles Padgett 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 The Phenomenology of Orbital Angular Momentum 4 References 9 2 Vortex Flow of Light: ‘‘Spin’’ and ‘‘Orbital’’ Flows in a Circularly Polarized Paraxial Beam 13 Aleksandr Bekshaev and Mikhail Vasnetsov 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 Spin and Orbital Flows: General Concepts 14 2.3 Transverse Energy Flows in Circularly Polarized Paraxial Beams 15 2.4 Orbital Rotation without Orbital Angular Momentum 21 2.5 Conclusion 22 References 23 3 Helically Phased Beams, and Analogies with Polarization 25 Miles Padgett 3.1 Introduction 25 3.2 Representation of Helically Phased Beams 26 3.3 Exploiting the Analogous Representations of Spin and Orbital Angular Momentum 27 3.4 Conclusions 33 References 34 4 Trapping and Rotation of Particles in Light Fields with Embedded Optical Vortices 37 Michael Mazilu and Kishan Dholakia 4.1 Introduction 37 4.2 Laguerre–Gaussian Light Beams 38 4.3 Origin of Optical Torques and Forces 41 4.4 Optical Vortex Fields for the Rotation of Trapped Particles 51 4.5 Optical Vortex Fields for Advanced Optical Manipulation 57 4.6 Conclusions 61 Acknowledgments 62 References 62 5 Optical Torques in Liquid Crystals 67 Enrico Santamato and Bruno Piccirillo 5.1 The Optical Reorientation and the Photon Angular Momentum Flux 70 5.2 Dynamical Effects Induced in Liquid Crystals by Photon SAM and OAM Transfer 78 5.3 Conclusions 89 References 90 6 Driving Optical Micromachines with Orbital Angular Momentum 93 Vincent L.Y. Loke, Theodor Asavei, Simon Parkin, Norman R. Heckenberg, Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop, and Timo A. Nieminen 6.1 Introduction 93 6.2 Symmetry, Scattering, and Optically Driven Micromachines 93 6.3 Experimental Demonstration 96 6.4 Computational Optimization of Design 102 6.5 Conclusion 113 References 113 7 Rotational Optical Micromanipulation with Specific Shapes Built by Photopolymerization 117 Péter Galaja, Lóránd Kelemen, László Oroszi, and Pál Ormos 7.1 Introduction 117 7.2 Microfabrication by Photopolymerization 118 7.3 Light-Driven Rotors, Micromachines 121 7.4 Integrated Optical Motor 128 7.5 Angular Trapping of Flat Objects in Optical Tweezers Formed by Linearly Polarized Light 131 7.6 Torsional Manipulation of DNA 134 7.7 Conclusion 138 Acknowledgment 139 References 139 8 Spiral Phase Contrast Microscopy 143 Christian Maurer, Stefan Bernet, and Monika Ritsch-Marte 8.1 Phase Contrast Methods in Light Microscopy 143 8.2 Fourier Filtering in Optical Imaging 144 8.3 Spiral Phase Fourier Filtering 146 8.4 Implementation and Performance 151 8.5 Conclusions 152 References 152 9 Applications of Electromagnetic OAM in Astrophysics and Space Physics Studies 155 Bo Thidé, Nicholas M. Elias II, Fabrizio Tamburini, Siavoush M. Mohammadi, and José T.Mendonça 9.1 Introduction 155 9.2 Ubiquitous Astronomical POAM 156 9.3 Applications of POAM in Astronomy 158 9.4 Applications of POAM in Space Physics 165 9.A. Appendix: Theoretical Foundations 169 References 175 10 Optical Vortex Cat States and their Utility for Creating Macroscopic Superpositions of Persistent Flows 179 Ewan M. Wright 10.1 Introduction 179 10.2 Optical Vortex Cat States 181 10.3 Macroscopic Superposition of Persistent Flows 189 10.4 Summary and Conclusions 195 References 195 11 Experimental Control of the Orbital Angular Momentum of Single and Entangled Photons 199 Gabriel Molina-Terriza and Anton Zeilinger 11.1 Introduction to the Photon OAM 199 11.2 Control of the OAM State of a Single Photon 201 11.3 Control of the OAM State of Multiple Photons 203 11.4 Applications in Quantum Information 207 11.5 Discussion 209 11.6 Conclusion 211 References 211 12 Rotating Atoms with Light 213 Kristian Helmerson and William D. Phillips 12.1 Introduction 213 12.2 Orbital Angular Momentum of Light 213 12.3 The Mechanical Effects of Light 214 12.4 Rotating Bose–Einstein Condensates 215 12.5 Measuring the Rotational Motion of the Atoms 220 12.6 Generating Other Rotational States of Atoms 224 12.7 Supercurrents 230 12.8 Conclusion 231 Acknowledgments 232 References 232 Index 237

Reviews

Overall, this volume provides a convenient entry into a fieldwhich has achieved much but which also has considerable scope for further growth. If one wishes to play arole in the future of orbital angular momentum then this is an excellent place to start. (ContemporaryPhysics Book Reviews, 25 August 2011) <p>

Overall, this volume provides a convenient entry into a field which has achieved much but which alsohas considerable scope for further growth. If one wishes to play a role in the future of orbital angularmomentum then this is an excellent place to start. (Contemporary Physics Book Reviews, 25 August 2011)<p>

Author Information

Juan P. Torres is one of the group leaders of ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences in Barcelona, Spain, where he conducts research in nonlinear and quantum optics. He also holds a position as associate professor at the Technical University of Catalonia where he teaches in photonics and electrical engineering. Professor Torres obtained his PhD in Science from the Technical University of Catalonia and afterwards held a post-doctoral position at the University of California at Berkeley. He has authored about 100 articles and received an award for young investigators from the Government of Catalonia in 2002. Lluis Torner is the founding Director of ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences in Barcelona, Spain, and professor of photonics at the Technical University of Catalonia. He conducts research and innovation in photonics, with emphasis on fundamentals and applications of nonlinear optics, optical vortices and optical solitons. He has co-authored more than 300 articles in scienti? c journals. He is a Fellow of the Optical Society of America, the European Optical Society and the European Physical Society, and he currently serves as President of the Association of Research Institutions of Catalonia.

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