An Epistemology of the Concrete: Twentieth-Century Histories of Life

Author:   Hans-Jörg Rheinberger
Publisher:   Duke University Press
ISBN:  

9780822345602


Pages:   277
Publication Date:   06 September 2010
Format:   Hardback
Availability:   In Print   Availability explained
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An Epistemology of the Concrete: Twentieth-Century Histories of Life


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Overview

An Epistemology of the Concrete brings together case studies and theoretical reflections on the history and epistemology of the life sciences by Hans-JÖrg Rheinberger, one of the world’s foremost philosophers of science. In these essays, he examines the history of experiments, concepts, model organisms, instruments, and the gamut of epistemological, institutional, political, and social factors that determine the actual course of the development of knowledge. Building on ideas from his influential book Toward a History of Epistemic Things, Rheinberger first considers ways of historicizing scientific knowledge, and then explores different configurations of genetic experimentation in the first half of the twentieth century and the interaction between apparatuses, experiments, and concept formation in molecular biology in the second half of the twentieth century. He delves into fundamental epistemological issues bearing on the relationship between instruments and objects of knowledge, laboratory preparations as a special class of epistemic objects, and the note-taking and write-up techniques used in research labs. He takes up topics ranging from the French “historical epistemologists” Gaston Bachelard and Georges Canguilhem to the liquid scintillation counter, a radioactivity measuring device that became a crucial tool for molecular biology and biomedicine in the 1960s and 1970s. Throughout An Epistemology of the Concrete, Rheinberger shows how assemblages-historical conjunctures-set the conditions for the emergence of epistemic novelty, and he conveys the fascination of scientific things: those organisms, spaces, apparatuses, and techniques that are transformed by research and that transform research in turn.

Full Product Details

Author:   Hans-Jörg Rheinberger
Publisher:   Duke University Press
Imprint:   Duke University Press
Dimensions:   Width: 15.60cm , Height: 2.70cm , Length: 23.50cm
Weight:   0.621kg
ISBN:  

9780822345602


ISBN 10:   0822345609
Pages:   277
Publication Date:   06 September 2010
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   In Print   Availability explained
This item will be ordered in for you from one of our suppliers. Upon receipt, we will promptly dispatch it out to you. For in store availability, please contact us.

Table of Contents

Illustrations vii Foreword / Tim Lenoir xi Prologue 1 Part I. Historical Epistemology 1. Ludwik Fleck, Edmond Husserl: On the Historicity of Scientific Knowledge 13 2. Gaston Bachelard: The Concept of ""Phenomenotechnique"" 25 3. Georges Canguilhem: Epistemological History 37 Part II. Model Organisms: Studies in the History of Heredity and Reproduction 4. Pisum: Carl Carren's Experiments on Xenia, 1896–99 51 5. Eudorina: Max Hartmann's Experiments on Biological Regulation in Protozoa, 1914–21 82 6. Ephistia: Alfred Kühn's Experimental Design for a Developmental Physiological Genetics, 1924–45 94 7. Tobacco Mosaic Virus: Virus Research at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes for Biochemistry and Biology, 1937–45 128 Part III. Concepts and Instruments: Studies in the History of Molecular Biology 8. The Concept of the Gene: Molecular Biological Perspectives 153 9. The Liquid Scintillation Counter: Traces of Radioactivity 170 10. The Concept of Information 203 Part IV. Epistemic Configurations 11. Intersections 217 12. Preparations 233 13. The Economy of the Scribble 244 Acknowledgments 253 Abbreviations 255 Notes 257 Bibliography 289 Index 321

Reviews

Hans-Jorg Rheinberger has played a prominent role in bringing those strands of thinking together, thus pioneering an integrated approach to the history and the philosophy of science and, most importantly, illuminating several long-standing philosophical debates with profound, creative and scientifically informed insights on the nature of experimental work. Within this wonderful volume, Rheinberger uses his understanding of the history of biology and his experience as a practising experimenter to build a sophisticated epistemology of scientific practice. -- Govert Valkenburg, International Studies in the Philosophy of Science The reader will learn a great deal from Rheinberger's essays on the scholars whom he sees as crucial in order to conceive of scientific knowledge as inherently historical, social, and 'concrete'. The reader will also find an answer to what is historical epistemology today, or at least one version of it, both in theoretical terms and through case studies that show how a historical epistemological perspective enables the epistemologist, historian, and sociologist to read scientific activity. -- Christina Chimisso, Radical Philosophy Readers will find that the overarching theme of the text is that scientific knowledge is not simply the result of a series of advances in which one pays forward into the next like a row of falling dominos. It is an emergent property of a nonlinear process involving a complex interplay of history, culture, and the scientific process. Rheinberger's case studies present science as a productive enterprise with measurable outcomes such as conceptual models, experimental organisms, and instrumentation... Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above. - J. A. Hewlett, Choice An Epistemology of the Concrete offers a methodological framework and a set of research exemplars that will shape science studies for years to come. -Tim Lenoir, from the foreword In this empirical and conceptual tour de force, Hans-Jorg Rheinberger provides an examination of the work of key twentieth-century epistemologists, rigorous historical vignettes of model-organism research, a materialist epistemology of experimental biology, and, consequently, a carefully precise yet broadly illuminating theorization of modes of knowledge production. An Epistemology of the Concrete is a major contribution not only to the history of science but also to fields such as anthropology, which are turning to epistemological analyses of the life sciences as a key site of inquiry. -Kaushik Sunder Rajan, author of Biocapital: The Constitution of Postgenomic Life Readers will find that the overarching theme of the text is that scientific knowledge is not simply the result of a series of advances in which one pays forward into the next like a row of falling dominos. It is an emergent property of a nonlinear process involving a complex interplay of history, culture, and the scientific process. Rheinberger's case studies present science as a productive enterprise with measurable outcomes such as conceptual models, experimental organisms, and instrumentation... Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above. -- J. A. Hewlett, Choice


The Epistemology of the Concrete offers a methodological framework and a set of research exemplars that will shape science studies for years to come. oTimothy Lenoir, from the foreword In this empirical and conceptual tour de force, Hans-Jorg Rheinberger provides an examination of the work of key twentieth-century epistemologists, rigorous historical vignettes of model-organism research, a materialist epistemology of experimental biology, and, consequently, a carefully precise yet broadly illuminating theorization of modes of knowledge production. An Epistemology of the Concrete is a major contribution not only to the history of science but also to fields such as anthropology, which are turning to epistemological analyses of the life sciences as a key site of inquiry. oKaushik Sunder Rajan, author of Biocapital: The Constitution of Postgenomic Life


Readers will find that the overarching theme of the text is that scientific knowledge is not simply the result of a series of advances in which one pays forward into the next like a row of falling dominos. It is an emergent property of a nonlinear process involving a complex interplay of history, culture, and the scientific process. Rheinberger's case studies present science as a productive enterprise with measurable outcomes such as conceptual models, experimental organisms, and instrumentation... Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above. - J. A. Hewlett, Choice An Epistemology of the Concrete offers a methodological framework and a set of research exemplars that will shape science studies for years to come. -Tim Lenoir, from the foreword In this empirical and conceptual tour de force, Hans-Jorg Rheinberger provides an examination of the work of key twentieth-century epistemologists, rigorous historical vignettes of model-organism research, a materialist epistemology of experimental biology, and, consequently, a carefully precise yet broadly illuminating theorization of modes of knowledge production. An Epistemology of the Concrete is a major contribution not only to the history of science but also to fields such as anthropology, which are turning to epistemological analyses of the life sciences as a key site of inquiry. -Kaushik Sunder Rajan, author of Biocapital: The Constitution of Postgenomic Life Hans-Jorg Rheinberger has played a prominent role in bringing those strands of thinking together, thus pioneering an integrated approach to the history and the philosophy of science and, most importantly, illuminating several long-standing philosophical debates with profound, creative and scientifically informed insights on the nature of experimental work. Within this wonderful volume, Rheinberger uses his understanding of the history of biology and his experience as a practising experimenter to build a sophisticated epistemology of scientific practice. -- Govert Valkenburg International Studies in the Philosophy of Science The reader will learn a great deal from Rheinberger's essays on the scholars whom he sees as crucial in order to conceive of scientific knowledge as inherently historical, social, and 'concrete'. The reader will also find an answer to what is historical epistemology today, or at least one version of it, both in theoretical terms and through case studies that show how a historical epistemological perspective enables the epistemologist, historian, and sociologist to read scientific activity. -- Christina Chimisso Radical Philosophy Readers will find that the overarching theme of the text is that scientific knowledge is not simply the result of a series of advances in which one pays forward into the next like a row of falling dominos. It is an emergent property of a nonlinear process involving a complex interplay of history, culture, and the scientific process. Rheinberger's case studies present science as a productive enterprise with measurable outcomes such as conceptual models, experimental organisms, and instrumentation... Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above. -- J. A. Hewlett Choice


""The reader will learn a great deal from his essays on the scholars whom he sees as crucial in order to conceive of scientific knowledge as inherently historical, social and 'concrete'. The reader of An Epistemology of the Concrete will also find an answer to what is historical epistemology today, or at least one version of it, both in theoretical terms and through case studies that show how a historical epistemological perspective enables the epistemologist, historian and sociologist to read scientific activity."" Cristina Chimisso, Radical Philosophy ""The Epistemology of the Concrete offers a methodological framework and a set of research exemplars that will shape science studies for years to come.""--Timothy Lenoir, from the foreword ""In this empirical and conceptual tour de force, Hans-Jorg Rheinberger provides an examination of the work of key twentieth-century epistemologists, rigorous historical vignettes of model-organism research, a materialist epistemology of experimental biology, and, consequently, a carefully precise yet broadly illuminating theorization of modes of knowledge production. An Epistemology of the Concrete is a major contribution not only to the history of science but also to fields such as anthropology, which are turning to epistemological analyses of the life sciences as a key site of inquiry.""--Kaushik Sunder Rajan, author of Biocapital: The Constitution of Postgenomic Life


Author Information

Hans-JÖrg Rheinberger is Director at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Berlin. He is the author of On Historicizing Epistemology: An Essay and Toward a History of Epistemic Things: Synthesizing Proteins in the Test Tube.

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