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Sociologists Pichardo Almanzar (Central Washington Univ.) and Kulik (Hawai'i Pacific Univ.) investigate the Associated Farmers (AF) of California during the Great Depression. The AF, an organization of elite growers founded as a pro-industrial reaction to workers, became sociopolitical by the late 1930s to counter the New Deal. The organization utilized vigilante violence to intimidate migrant agricultural workers who were on strike or attempted to organize. The authors look at the difference between European fascism and what developed in the United States. 'The AF's desire to institute a corporate state wrapped in a form of American nationalism achieved through violence and grounded on a palingenetic myth is what qualifies the AF as a fascist movement.' The AF attempted to become a national organization but was unable to gain a foothold outside the western states. The authors also take the characteristics of U.S. fascism during the interwar years and apply them to modern examples, such as the Tea Party. Ultimately, one must decide what constitutes fascism, but the authors make a strong case that the Associated Farmers qualify... Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-level undergraduates and above. CHOICE

Sociologists Pichardo Almanzar (Central Washington Univ.) and Kulik (Hawai'i Pacific Univ.) investigate the Associated Farmers (AF) of California during the Great Depression. The AF, an organization of elite growers founded as a pro-industrial reaction to workers, became sociopolitical by the late 1930s to counter the New Deal. The organization utilized vigilante violence to intimidate migrant agricultural workers who were on strike or attempted to organize. The authors look at the difference between European fascism and what developed in the United States. 'The AF's desire to institute a corporate state wrapped in a form of American nationalism achieved through violence and grounded on a palingenetic myth is what qualifies the AF as a fascist movement.' The AF attempted to become a national organization but was unable to gain a foothold outside the western states. The authors also take the characteristics of U.S. fascism during the interwar years and apply them to modern examples, such as the Tea Party. Ultimately, one must decide what constitutes fascism, but the authors make a strong case that the Associated Farmers qualify. . . . Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-level undergraduates and above. * CHOICE *

Sociologists Pichardo Almanzar (Central Washington Univ.) and Kulik (Hawai'i Pacific Univ.) investigate the Associated Farmers (AF) of California during the Great Depression. The AF, an organization of elite growers founded as a pro-industrial reaction to workers, became sociopolitical by the late 1930s to counter the New Deal. The organization utilized vigilante violence to intimidate migrant agricultural workers who were on strike or attempted to organize. The authors look at the difference between European fascism and what developed in the United States. 'The AF's desire to institute a corporate state wrapped in a form of American nationalism achieved through violence and grounded on a palingenetic myth is what qualifies the AF as a fascist movement.' The AF attempted to become a national organization but was unable to gain a foothold outside the western states. The authors also take the characteristics of U.S. fascism during the interwar years and apply them to modern examples, such as the Tea Party. Ultimately, one must decide what constitutes fascism, but the authors make a strong case that the Associated Farmers qualify. . . . Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-level undergraduates and above. * Choice Reviews *

Author Information

Nelson A. Pichardo Almanzar is professor of sociology and director of the Ethnic Studies Program at Central Washington University. Brian W. Kulik is associate professor of management at Hawaii Pacific University.

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