Overview

Dementia presents itself with several medical specialties and psychological dysfunctions that are caused due to the deterioration of brain cells which in turn becomes one of the major causes of incapacities during old age. There are reversible sorts of dementia and irreversible sorts of dementia. If the underlying causes of the reversible kind of dementia are treated, the person gets better and is ready to come back to their pre morbid state. If the symptoms are not diagnosed within the initial stage then lack of treatment can lead to serious brain damage. In 2010, 3.7 million people were diagnosed with dementia which is expected to double by the year 2030 and the estimated expenditure for care was Rs. 43000 per annum (Shaji K.S, 2010). Recent studies show that the increase in the occurrence of the disorder is not just pertaining to India. It is expected that over 16 million people in the US aged 65 years and above are at high risk of being diagnosed with Alzheimer's by the year 2030. 5.3 million Americans have been diagnosed with Alzheimer's. According to statistics, a new case of Alzheimer's is recorded every 70 seconds in the US. It is predicted that by the year 2050, one new case will be registered every 30 seconds (Alzheimer's Association, 2011). Age is a major risk factor, with only 2% of the cases being recorded before the age of 65 years. India is said to have a massive range of older people in 20 years and therefore, the prevalence of dementia is predicted to double every five years (Shaji K. S, 2010).

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