Overview

Electrochemical capacitors or Supercapacitors is an electrochemical energy storage device which converts electrochemical energy in to the electrical energy. Two electrode supercapacitor consist two high specific surface area based electrodes, situated both sides of a separator that contain the electrolyte whereas in three electrode supercapacitor active material, Ag/AgCl or Hg/HgCl2 and platinum wire are acts as working electrode, reference and counter electrode respectively.1Depending on the charge storage mechanisms supercapacitors can be classified into three types.2Most common type of SCs are electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC), which can store energy using ion adsorption and use carbon based active material like Graphene, carbon nanotubes.3-7Tn transition metal oxides (TMOs),8-16 transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs),17 hydroxides18-20 and conductive polymer21-24based supercapacitor energy is stored due to fast and reversible surface redox reaction occurring at the surface of the active electrode materials, which are known as pseudocapacitor (PSCs). Advanced approaches to increase the specific capacitance and energy density are to develop hybrid electrode materials for supercapacitor by adding electrochemically active materials with carbonaceous materials. This kind of SCs knows as Hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs).

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