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ORNAMENT ITS APPLICATION ABOOK FOR STUDENTS TREATING IN A PRAC TICAL VOW OF THE RE LAFION OF DESIGN TO MATERIAL TOOLS AND METHODS OF WORK BY LEWIS FD sy AUTHOFLOF PATTERN DE SIGN, NATURE IN ORN AMENT LETTERING IN ORNAMENT ALPHABETS, LONDON. BTBATSFORD NEW YORK-SC BNERS SONS 1904 PRINTED AT THK HAKIEN 1 KESS, EDINBURGH. PREFACE. THIS book is based like Pattern Design upon the founda tion of an earlier volume. But, though it covers the ground of the Application of Ornament, now out of print, it covers a larger area. It is really a new book. Here and there a frag ment of the earlier one is incorporated in it but even that has been shaped anew for it seemed, looking back upon the work of fifteen years ago, there was little in it which could not be more simply said. The aim of Ornament and its Appli cation is throughout practical. It appeals, however, less exclusively than some of my books to students of design in fact, it is addressed to all who are really interested in orna ment. To those not practically acquainted with the subject, it may serve as introduction to that quality of workmanlike ness which to a workman is of the very essence of design. What I have endeavoured to do is, to jhow the clear and close relation of design to workmanship to arouse interest in a side of art which, regarding it in the rather forbidding light of technique, lovers of art are accustomed to dismiss from their minds as no concern of theirs and so to open their eyes to what is indeed a never-failing source of interest in art. Much of what is said will of course be familiar to artists vi PREFACE. and workmen practically engaged in design. To them I can only hope to open out perhaps a wider view of the limitsof their craft to show the difference between certain arts, crafts or trades commonly grouped together, and the likeness between others not usually regarded as in any way connected and, generally, to stimulate workers in the arts to a more comprehensive study of their particular subject c Ornament and its Application will be found to contain a great deal of information at once necessary to the student and interesting to the more general reader but that is rather by the way. Its purpose is not to cram the student with knowledge, profitable only in proportion as it comes to him through personal experience or individual study not so much to inform the reader as to stir in him a desire to inform him self to indicate how much there is in ornament which nearly concerns him, did he but know it to set him a-thinking and a - seeking, and to suggest directions in which search will be fruitful. If, when all is said, and read, he is still unconvinced that ornament is dependent upon conditions, perhaps purely practical that the various styles of ornament, historic, as we call them, grew to a great extent out of such conditions and that the secret of appropriate design is in cheerful obedience to them, I have failed, so far as he is concerned, in the purpose of my book. With regard to the illustrations, there remained constantly something of interest to be told about them which was not relevant to the point apropos to which they are referred to in the text This, whether it refers to the source of the work, its author, date, country, or present whereabouts, its PREFACE. vii colour or the detail of its execution, will be found in the comparative and explanatory index of illustrations. A friendly criticof Pattern Design found fault with it that it did not discuss the appropriateness of pattern to the process of its execution. The subject was purposely reserved for the present volume. The relation of ornament to natural form is, again, the subject of a separate treatise. LEWIS F. DAY. 15 TAVITON STREET, GORDON SQUARE, W. C., ist September 1904. CONTENTS. I. INTRODUCTORY - i II. CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT 6 III. APPLIED ART ------14 IV. THE CHARACTER WHICH COMES OF TREAT MENT -------25 V. THE TEACHING OF THE TOOL - - - 70 VI. AGAINST THE GRAIN - 125 VII...

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