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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1865 Excerpt: ...as if for this imaginary cylinder, they will be those proper for the real cylinder. Thus if it be desired to ascertain the strengths proper for an engine with a cylinder of 30 inches diameter, and with a pressure on the piston of 100 lbs. on the square inch, the end will be attained if we determine the strengths proper for an engine of 60 inches diameter, and with 25 lbs. pressure on the square inch; for the area of the larger cylinder being four times greater than that of the smaller, the same total force will be exerted with one-fourth of the pressure. So in like manner, if it be wished to ascertain the strengths proper for an engine with a cylinder 30 inches diameter, and with a pressure on the piston of 50 lbs. per square inch, we shall find them by determining the proportions suitable for an engine with an area of piston twice greater than the area of a piston 30 inches diameter, and which area will be that answering to a diameter of 42 inches. By this mode of procedure a table of proportions adapted to the ordinary pressures will be made available for determining the proportions suitable for all pressures, as we have only to fix upon an assumed cylinder which shall have as much more area as the intended pressure has an excess of pressure over 25 lbs. per square inch, and the proportions proper for this assumed cylinder will be those proper for the real cylinder with the pressure intended. In this way the strengths fixed for marine engines may also be made applicable to locomotives and to high and low pressure engines of every kind. In the following rules, therefore, it will be understood the strengths and other proportions are those proper to an assumed pressure on the piston, including steam and vacuum, of 25 lbs. per square inch, and the compu...

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